Layer 3 forwarding
EVPN uses EVPN gateways to provide Layer 3 forwarding services for hosts in VxLANs. EVPN provides the following EVPN gateway placement designs:
Centralized EVPN gateway deployment—Uses one VTEP to provide Layer 3 forwarding for VxLANs. Typically, the gateway-collocated VTEP connects to other VTEPs and the external network. To use this design, make sure the gateway has sufficient bandwidth and processing capability.
Distributed EVPN gateway deployment—Deploys one EVPN gateway on each VTEP to provide Layer 3 forwarding for VxLANs at their respective sites. This design distributes the Layer 3 traffic load across VTEPs. However, its configuration is more complex than the centralized EVPN gateway design.
In either design, the gateways use virtual Layer 3 interfaces as gateway interfaces for VxLANs.